Cancer screenings bundled in a single blood test

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When I was in clinical research, the oncologists I worked with would routinely order liquid biopsies – namely, blood tests – for their late-stage cancer patients. The tests look for traces of tumor DNA in the blood with genetic mutations that help guide treatment decisions.

Detecting cancer at its earliest stages is difficult largely because there often aren’t noticeable symptoms. Routine screening is intended to prevent late diagnoses, and most cancer types have their own separate tests, which can be expensive and, for many people, time-consuming and uncomfortable.

Soon, however, a single blood test might be able to screen for the most common cancer types all at once. Multi-cancer early detection, or MCED, tests work similarly to liquid biopsies for patients with advanced cancers but are fine-tuned to detect small amounts of tumor DNA circulating in the body.

University of Washington professor of laboratory medicine and pathology Colin Pritchard explains how MCED tests currently in development work, as well as some of the treatment issues they raise. “The question is whether the health care system is ready for them,” he wrote.

Also today:

Vivian Lam

Assistant Health and Biomedicine Editor

A number of multicancer early detection tests are currently in development. EK Image/Science Photo Library via Getty Images

A blood test that screens for multiple cancers at once promises to boost early detection

Colin Pritchard, University of Washington

Multicancer early detection tests are among the priorities of the Biden administration’s Cancer Moonshot. The tests show promise, but questions remain about when and how to use them.

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