1 in 8 infants in West Virginia exposed to substances in the womb

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The use of psychoactive substances during pregnancy has been on the rise for years, spurred on by the opioid epidemic and the tide of marijuana legalization across the country. Many people mistakenly assume that cannabis products are safe to use during pregnancy to help manage morning sickness, vomiting, sleep issues and more. As a result, cannabis is now second only to alcohol as the most used psychoactive substance during pregnancy.

But a growing body of research is documenting the harms that cannabis and other substances – including opioids and stimulants – have on the developing fetus. As with alcohol, these substances are linked to stillbirth, preterm birth, low birth weight, and delays in learning and language development, among other adverse outcomes.

Epidemiologist Amna Umer from West Virginia University has been studying the changing landscape of substance use during pregnancy. Prenatal substance exposure is a growing problem across the U.S., she notes, but certain areas are seeing staggering rates. In Umer’s home state of West Virginia, she and her team found in a recent study that prenatal substance use was nearly 50% higher than the national rate, and about 1 in 8 infants born there had been exposed to substances in the womb.

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