🗞 What's New: Stack offers to increase revenue

Also: Practical Reddit strategies!  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌

View in browser

Indie Hackers
Most users have way more purchasing power than you think: - **Try creating multiple offers to solve** the same problem for the same client. Stack each offer on top of the other, then guide them through. - **Don't expect instant results from Reddit.**

Most users have way more purchasing power than you think:

  • Try creating multiple offers to solve the same problem for the same client. Stack each offer on top of the other, then guide them through.
  • Don't expect instant results from Reddit. Even if you don't see immediate conversions, focus on building brand awareness.
  • $14K MRR with a tech-for-good recruitment platform. Carwan Rasoal grew up in a war zone, forcing him to become comfortable with uncertainty.

Want your product seen by over 90,000 founders and businesses? Sponsor an issue of the Indie Hackers newsletter. Choose between 3 affordable tiers that can fit almost any budget.

Stacking Offers to Increase Revenue 🧱

COVER IMAGE

by Solar Flare

I just closed a client for $1947 per month for PressPulse. Five months ago, he was spending only $8 per month.

Unlock your users' purchasing power with this three step stacking formula!

1. Build trust with a low-ticket product

In a world full of scams and deceit, building trust is hard.

The best way to combat skepticism is through a free or low-ticket product, where you can go above and beyond to demonstrate your credibility.

When I first onboarded this client, he gave me lots of great feedback. I implemented his suggestions the same day, and got more feedback from him.

This is easy to do for an agile startup, but impossible for big companies. Make good use of opportunities like this to build long-term relationships.

2. Validate a mid-ticket offer

Three months into his subscription, he told me he wanted to cancel. When digging into the why, he suggested a performance-based service to remove all the work on his end.

Inspired by his suggestion, I took on seven clients, including him, for a $237 one-time package. At this price, impulsive purchases can still happen if you have a strong offer and good copywriting.

Use this mid-ticket offer for solidifying positioning, building out a team, and establishing trust.

3. Create a high-ticket, subscription-based offer

By now, you'll hopefully have built enough trust to get through the skepticism filter for something high-ticket. Now, it's time to develop an offer that amplifies your previous one. This should be something that allows your clients achieve their goals to the maximum extent.

Consider even customizing an offer based on direct client feedback!

Wrapping up

That's how I created three different offers to solve the same problem for one client. By stacking offers, you position yourself as a committed partner in your client's long-term success.

I'm starting a newsletter to share how I acquire clients like this, using cold emails and AI. If that sounds interesting, consider joining here!

Discuss this story.

In the News 📰

Photo: In the News

from the Growth Trends newsletter

🔎 How to generate leads on TikTok.

👀 The biggest findings in the Google Search leak.

💲 Link to your product here. Our most affordable ad.

🕵️ Don't use stalkerware apps.

Myths about YouTube content targeting.

🫶 Building trust with your users.

Check out Growth Trends for more curated news items focused on user acquisition and new product ideas.

Practical Reddit Strategies 💻

COVER IMAGE

by Pavel Gupta

Reddit is one of the most effective free marketing channels. Mokkup, my dashboard wireframing tool, has 10M+ views and 13K+ upvotes on Reddit. Check out our top strategies below!

Know where your audience is

It's super important to know who your audience is, and where you can find people interested in what you offer.

Target the correct subreddits for your niche. Each subreddit has its own rules, so it's essential to read them before posting!

Keep the marketing very minimal

Redditors prefer a genuine experience, so it's best not to be too pushy with marketing.

Try including your logo at the bottom of any visuals you create, and mention your product in the comments section to credit it as the tool used.

Grow alternative accounts

Along with your main account, start slowly building a presence on your alt accounts. It's not just about having alt accounts as backups; it's about actively nurturing them alongside your main account.

By gradually participating in discussions, sharing content, and engaging with other users on these alt accounts, you establish a foundation for each one. This ensures that, if your main account encounters any issues, you're not starting from scratch with your alt accounts.

Keep your expectations low

Don't expect instant results from Reddit. Even if you're not getting direct conversions, your efforts are still making an impact.

Reddit is like a big ocean, so keep trying different things. Find out which subreddits and content resonate the most with your audience. By experimenting and learning what works best, you can gradually build up your brand presence!

Discuss this story.

Top Posts on Indie Hackers This Week 🌐

COVER IMAGE

🆓 30 free marketing tools to try. Posted by Akshay Raveendran.

📕 Chat with my UX/UI book for expert tips. Posted by Elisa Paduraru.

🤯 What is the most frustrating part of being an indie hacker? Posted by Wyatt Feaster.

📖 I curated a directory of resources. Posted by AJ.

💔 Don't fall in love with the wrong idea. Posted by Tamir Bashkin.

💡 My idea already exists. Posted by Iamps.

Want a shout-out in next week's Best of Indie Hackers? Submit an article or link post on Indie Hackers whenever you come across something you think other indie hackers will enjoy.

Tap Your Network for Your MVP 👋

COVER IMAGE

by James Fleischmann

Carwan Rasoal quit his corporate job and built a platform that helps engineers connect with tech-for-good companies.

Now, his recruitment platform, Genvalues, is raking in $14K MRR.

Leverage uncertainty

I grew up in a war zone. It forced me to become comfortable with uncertainty, and that has been invaluable to my business.

The best way to handle uncertainty is to adopt a growth mindset, viewing challenges as learning opportunities. It makes uncertainty less scary. In each of my failures, I have gained insight that I brought along to my next experiments.

It takes resilience, too. I've built that over time through self-care practices. I lift. I run. I seek support from mentors and like-minded individuals. I don't drink alcohol.

And, I make informed decisions using data and flexible planning, not just emotions.

Building and validating

At the time, I thought I had a decent network. But I soon realized that it wasn't made up of people who could help me build a business. They were just nice, normal people who were happy working for corporations. You need an entirely different kind of network when building a company.

So, I immersed myself in the startup community, finding ambitious people who inspired and challenged me. I started going to events, applying to accelerators, and speaking with VCs.

While I was still going from company to company, I noticed gaps in how the new generation of the workforce connected with companies doing tech for good, also known as "impact tech."

Impact tech refers to companies making a meaningful contribution with their innovation, usually with a focus on sustainability. With the rise of tech-for-good, especially in places like Stockholm (where I live), there was a clear need for a platform where these companies could showcase their sustainable values, and differentiate themselves from others.

So, I started validating the idea. This involved talking to numerous stakeholders, receiving feedback, and continuously iterating the concept until it resonated with the target audience.

A tech-for-good recruitment platform

Genvalues is a tech recruitment platform that helps companies using tech for good find engineers who share their core values and principles, ensuring a perfect match that transcends technical skills.

We operate on a subscription model, where companies pay an annual fee to list their engineering teams on Genvalues. Additionally, we charge a fee for each successful hire made through our platform.

Also, I'm proud to say that 47% of engineers interacting with Genvalues are women in tech, promoting diversity and inclusion in the industry.

Building the MVP was a learning journey. Time and resources were limited, but I was not afraid of going to events and showing off my ugly MVP.

Networking and leveraging community support were crucial in this phase. Sometimes, I'd even randomly asked founders I admired to let me DM them on X.

People love to share their advice. It makes them feel good. This feedback and advice is how I turned Genvalues into a usable product.

Three keys to good products

  1. User perception plays a vital role: If a product makes users feel awkward or socially uncomfortable, it is likely to fail, regardless of its technical merits.

  2. Engage with real users early and often.

  3. Beauty matters: People are naturally drawn to beauty. This principle applies to products, as well.

Discuss this story.

The Tweetmaster's Pick 🐦

Cover image for Tweetmaster's Pick

by Tweetmaster Flex

I post the tweets indie hackers share the most. Here's today's pick:

Enjoy This Newsletter? 🏁

Forward it to a friend, and let them know they can subscribe here.

Also, you can submit a section for us to include in a future newsletter.

Special thanks to Jay Avery for editing this issue, to Gabriella Federico for the illustrations, and to Solar Flare, Darko, Pavel Gupta, and James Fleischmann for contributing posts. —Channing

Indie Hackers | Stripe | 120 Westlake Avenue N, Seattle, Washington 98109 
You're subscribed to the Indie Hackers Newsletter. Click here to unsubscribe.

Older messages

🗞 What's New: Founders, avoid these common mistakes

Thursday, May 23, 2024

Also: Time blocking > timeboxing! ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌

🗞 What's New: 5 email sequences every founder needs

Tuesday, May 21, 2024

Also: Action breeds clarity! ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌

🗞 What's New: Tips for better user onboarding

Saturday, May 18, 2024

Also: Make your business blog stand out! ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌

🗞 What's New: Setting up your first Google Ads campaign

Friday, May 17, 2024

Also: Avoid context switching! ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌

🗞 What's New: Landing your first 10 users

Tuesday, May 14, 2024

Also: Securing funding! ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌

You Might Also Like

[CEI] Chrome Extension Ideas #171

Tuesday, December 24, 2024

ideas for Amazon, Podcast, Twitter, and AI ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏

Top angel investors in the U.S.

Tuesday, December 24, 2024

Inspiration for who to raise from when you're raising your early rounds ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏

🎁 🎄 HO HO HO! Here's the ultimate gift for your business journey

Tuesday, December 24, 2024

Unwrap your holiday gifts and start building your dream in 2025! fdrlogo Hey Friend , HO HO HO! Your holiday gifts have arrived! This isn't your typical holiday surprise—these gifts are proven

Biggest rounds of 2024 

Tuesday, December 24, 2024

+ Sriram Krishnan joining Trump's government View in browser Sponsor Card - Up Round-35 Good morning there, Welcome to the last Sifted Daily newsletter of 2024, in which we look back on the biggest

The Corner Office & Low Exp 👩‍💼

Monday, December 23, 2024

And some holiday news͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌ ͏‌

🗞 ICYMI: insights on o3, AI job disruption, marketing on Bluesky

Monday, December 23, 2024

Also: a new social network ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏

top strategy research of 2024

Monday, December 23, 2024

every billion-dollar startup around the globe, tech that will change the world, and the strategy team playbook CB-Insights-Logo-light copy Our top strategy research of 2024 Highlights: Every billion-

🦄 Operating system for events

Monday, December 23, 2024

Flite streamlines and automates the event management process. ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌

11 Silicon Valley Startups Raised $10.2 Billion - Week of December 23, 2024

Monday, December 23, 2024

🤓 AI's Biggest Annual Event: NeurIPS 💰 Predictions: US to Establish Bitcoin Reserve 💰 Bankless Crypto 2025 Predictions 🎮 Is Extended Reality (XR) Still Happening?💰 Tough Time for Non-AI Startups ͏

The Best Investing Advice

Monday, December 23, 2024

50 pieces of wisdom from some of the world's best investors ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏