Good morning. A significant hurdle for the successful (or otherwise) adoption of generative AI involves cracking the enterprise.

In its latest effort to do just that, Anthropic yesterday announced Claude for Enterprise, a plan that’s designed specifically to serve massive corporate clients. We’ll see if it sticks.

— Ian Krietzberg, Editor-in-Chief, The Deep View

In today’s newsletter:

AI for Good: NASA’s self-driving aircraft

Somewhere within NASA is its Convergent Aeronautics Solutions project, which is focused on researching and implementing innovations in the world of aviation. 

One component of that involves attempts at autonomous aircraft. 

What happened: Similar to self-driving cars, self-flying aircraft need to be trained on tons of data in order to gain an understanding of their environment. 

Once the data is gathered and refined, NASA plans to make it available to anyone who needs it, be they commercial companies or research projects. NASA researchers said that accessible datasets drive innovation, but “we haven’t seen open datasets like this in aviation.”

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UK says Microsoft’s quasi-merger is okay

The U.K.’s Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) this week cleared Microsoft’s quasi-acquisition of AI startup Inflection, saying it doesn’t cause competition concerns. 

The context: Over the past few months, we’ve seen a lot of semi-acquisitional behavior from Big Tech. So much so, in fact, that it gained a term: acquihire. 

The important point: Although the CMA will not be pursuing a further investigation of Microsoft’s partnership with Inflection — noting that Inflection isn’t a strong competitor to Microsoft — the competition watchdog did quantify the deal as a merger.

The CMA’s executive director, Joel Bamford, said that the “transfer of employees, coupled with other tactical arrangements, mean that two enterprises are no longer distinct.” Thus, the CMA has the authority to review the arrangement, which means that similar deals made by Big Tech will likely fall under regular CMA scrutiny. 

The CMA has ongoing investigations into the multi-billion-dollar partnerships between Anthropic and Amazon and Anthropic and Google. 

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Safe Superintelligence raises $1 billion 

The three-month-old startup Safe Superintelligence (SSI) — founded by former OpenAI co-founder Ilya Sutskever — has raised $1 billion in funding. Investors include Andreessen Horowitz and Sequoia. 

The details: According to Reuters, the startup — which currently has 10 employees — plans to use the money to buy compute and expand its team.

The context: Sutskever ran OpenAI’s Superalignment team, which was dismantled after he departed the company this year. 

A believer in scaling laws, he told Reuters that he would approach scaling differently than OpenAI, but didn’t get into specifics. 

There has been increasing research, meanwhile, into both the negative implications of scaling datasets, as well as the diminishing returns that scaling LLMs is generating. 

The superintelligent technology Sutskever is trying to develop remains a scientific hypothetical. 

Chatbots can implant false memories in people 

Human memory may well be a powerful force, but it is also fallible and super malleable. Research into memory has shown that our memories are not completed files sitting in our brains that we can choose to play back at will. Instead, recalling past events is an active process that requires the reconstruction of that event. 

In our process of creating and recalling memories, the brain first encodes information, then must regularly store that information, then, when needed, recalls that encoded information. 

MIT researchers recently decided to specifically study the intersection of judicially related false memory formation and generative AI. They found that GenAI chatbots “significantly increased” false memory formation. 

The details: The study involved 200 participants who viewed a brief CCTV video of a robbery. Following the video, they were split randomly into four groups: control, survey-based, pre-scripted chatbot and generative chatbot. 

The results: Compared to other interventions, and to the control, interactions with generative chatbots induced significantly more false memories. 36.4% of users’ responses to the generative chatbot were misled; the average number of false memories in this category was three times higher than the control. 

Why it matters: The researchers said that the study has significant implications for the deployment of GenAI models in environments — including legal, clinical and educational — where memory accuracy is vital. 

They did note though, that, so long as ethical considerations remain top-of-mind, this can have a positive impact: “For instance, chatbots and language models could be leveraged as tools to induce positive false memories or help reduce the impact of negative ones, such as in people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).”

The researchers note that the findings highlight the “need for caution.” 

I am reminded of the increasing adoption by police departments of GenAI-based automated report technology; this adds another dimension of risk to that environment, of a hallucinatory chatbot damaging an officer’s recollection of events, which could have enormous implications for legal justice and trials. 

It also casts a layer of doubt on the role of generative AI in health and in education; without confident, reliable methods of ensuring that chatbots either will not hallucinate, or will flag it when they do, this research indicates that the hasty adoption of these models presents fundamental risk. 

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💭 A poll before you go

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