Daily Coding Problem: Problem #1564 [Hard]

Good morning! Here's your coding interview problem for today.

This problem was asked by Google.

Let A be an N by M matrix in which every row and every column is sorted.

Given i₁, j₁, i₂, and j₂, compute the number of elements of M smaller than M[i₁, j₁] and larger than M[i₂, j₂].

For example, given the following matrix:

[[1, 3, 7, 10, 15, 20],
 [2, 6, 9, 14, 22, 25],
 [3, 8, 10, 15, 25, 30],
 [10, 11, 12, 23, 30, 35],
 [20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45]]

And i₁ = 1, j₁ = 1, i₂ = 3, j₂ = 3, return 15 as there are 15 numbers in the matrix smaller than 6 or greater than 23.

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