To investors,

I have been reading approximately one book per week this year. Usually I share my personal notes with a small group of friends privately, but I am going to try sharing them publicly each Monday morning to see if they are helpful to you. This past week’s book was Robert Greene’s Mastery. Highly recommend reading it. If you are interested in the individual highlights that I made in the physical book, you can read those here. Hope you enjoy these notes.

Book’s main argument:

The mastery of a subject has become an outdated idea. Most people associate mastery with genius or natural skill. The truth is that mastery is almost always accomplished by intense focus and hard work over a decade or more. This book explains how to build mastery in the modern world.

9 Big Ideas:

💡 Idea #1 — Mastery is not an elusive topic, but rather something that we can accomplish by leveraging the full potential of our brain. Robert writes:

When we take our time and focus in depth, when we trust that going through a process of months or years will bring us mastery, we work with the grain of this marvelous instrument that developed over so many millions of years. We infallibly move to higher and higher levels of intelligence. We see more deeply and realistically. We practice and make things with skill. We learn to think for ourselves. We become capable of handling complex situations without being overwhelmed. In following this path we become Homo magister, a man or woman the Master. 

Robert writes later in the book:

If there is any instrument you must fall in love with and fetishize, it is the human brain - the most miraculous, awe-inspiring, information-processing tool devised in the known universe, with a complexity we can’t even begin to fathom, and with dimensional powers that far outstrip any piece of technology in sophistication and usefulness.

💡 Idea #2 — Historical examples of true mastery are usually the product of a long apprenticeship that allows the younger individual to gain knowledge and experience. Robert writes:

After your formal education, you enter the most critical phase in your life - a second, practical education known as The Apprenticeship. Every time you change careers or acquire new skills, you re-enter this phase of life. The dangers are many. If you are not careful, you will succumb to insecurities, become embroiled in emotional issues and conflicts that will dominate your thoughts; you will develop fears and learning disabilities that you will carry with you throughout your life. Before it is too late you must learn the lessons and follow the path established by the greatest Masters, past and present - a kind of Ideal Apprenticeship that transcends all fields. In the process you will master the necessary skills, discipline your mind, and transform yourself into an independent thinker, prepared for the creative challenges on the way to mastery.

💡 Idea #3 — Building mastery is difficult. You must identify your Life’s Task in order to stay motivated and disciplined when things get tough. Robert writes:

You possess a kind of inner force that seeks to guide you toward your Life’s Task - what you are meant to accomplish in the time that you have to live. In childhood this force was clear to you. It directed you toward activities and subjects that fit your natural inclinations, that sparked a curiosity that was deep and primal. In the intervening years, the force tends to fade in and out as you listen more to parents and peers, to the daily anxieties that wear away at you. This can be the source of your unhappiness - your lack of connection to who you are and what makes you unique. The first move toward mastery is always inward - learning who you really are and reconnecting with that innate force. Knowing it with clarity, you will find your way to the proposer career path and everything else will fall into place. It is never too late to start this process.

💡 Idea #4 — True mastery is not found in the conventional route. You must forge your own path and figure out your niche of expertise. Robert writes:

And so inevitably, these Masters, as they progress on their career paths, make a choice at a key moment in their lives: they decide to forge their own route, one that others will see as unconventional, but that suits their own spirit and rhythms and leads them closer to discovering the hidden truths of their objects of study.

💡 Idea #5 — Mastery is on the other side of self-doubt, comfort, and general laziness. Robert writes:

What happens to many of us when faced with such complexity is that we feel subtly discouraged before we even try anything. More and more people in this overheated environment will be tempted to opt out. They will develop a greater taste for ease and comfort; they will increasingly settle on simplified ideas of reality and conventional ways of thinking; they will fall prey to seductive formulas that offer quick and easy knowledge.

💡 Idea #6 — Mastery is ultimately rooted in intuition and memory. We can increase the efficacy of both if we understand how they work. Robert writes:

Intuition, primitive or high level, is essentially driven by memory. When we take in information of any kind, we store it in mnemonic networks in the brain. The stability and durability of these networks depends on repetition, intensity of experience, and how deeply we pay attention.

💡 Idea #7 — Most people simply believe that time spent studying something is good enough, but the truth is that you need high intensity and focus. The quality of the time matters. Robert writes:

The key, then, to attaining this higher level of intelligence is to make our years of study qualitatively rich. We don’t simply absorb information - we internalize it and make it our own by finding some way to put this knowledge to practical use…..At all points in the various moments leading to mastery, we attack with intensity. Every moment, every experience contains deep lessons for us. We are continuously awake, never merely going through the motions.

💡 Idea #8 — Mastery does not only apply to creative endeavors, but rather it applies to startups and entrepreneurs too. Robert writes:

Oddly enough, they [Paul Graham & Y Combinator] discovered that what really makes successful entrepreneurs is not the nature of their idea, or the university they went to, but their actual character - their willingness to adapt their idea and take advantage of possibilities they had not first imagined.

Robert also wrote:

What it all really comes down to is the possession of a flexible, adaptable mind - something that is often enough to separate a successful inventor or entrepreneur from the rest of the crowd.

💡 Idea #9 — The idea of mastery may be changing due to technology and the modern world. This doesn’t mean mastery is not possible, but rather we may need to focus on new things. Robert writes:

Aspects of technology now offer unprecedented means to build connections between fields and ideas. The artificial barriers between the arts and sciences will melt away under the pressure to know and to express our common reality. Our ideas will become closer to nature, more alive and organic. In any way possible, you should strive to be a part of this universalizing process, extending your own knowledge to other branches, further and further out. The rich ideas that will come from such a quest will be their own reward.

Case Study — Albert Einstein:

Although we like to assume that a genius like Albert Einstein had powers far beyond our capabilities, his great discoveries depended on two very simple decisions he made as a young man. First, at the age of twenty he determined that he would be a mediocre experimental scientist. Even though a heavy immersion in mathematics and experimentation was the conventional route in physics, he would go his own way - a daring decision. Second, he would consider his primal distaste for authority and conventions as a great strength. He would attack from the outside and unburden himself of all the assumptions that were torturing scientists in relation to Newton.

Memorable quotes:

1. Mastery is not a function of genius or talent. It is a function of time and intense focus applied to a particular field of knowledge.

2. When you move toward mastery, your brain becomes radically altered by the years of practice and active experimentation.

3. What is interesting to note is that many Masters who come to possess this high-level intuitive power seem to become younger in mind and spirit with the passing years - something that should be encouraging to us all.

4. When you look at the exceptionally creative work of Masters, you must not ignore the years of practice, the endless routines, the hours of doubt, and the tenacious overcoming of obstacles these people endured. Creative energy is the fruit of such efforts and nothing else.

Pomp’s Takeaways:

I really enjoyed this book. Robert Greene does a good job making it entertaining, yet informative and actionable. One of my main takeaways is that mastery takes time. There are many skills that I have been practicing for approximately 5 years. That is only about 50% of the way to the 10 year timeline of intense study that Greene points out is needed for true mastery. Good reminder that we all must stay persistent, disciplined, and obsessed with learning.

The second big takeaway was around my daughter. Robert talks about following your interests. My wife and I discussed how we wanted to expose our daughter to different activities and industries early in her life and then allow her to pick what she is interested in. At that point, and only at that point, can my wife and I be helpful in pushing her to develop mastery in her given field.

Lastly, the different stories throughout the book reminded me of how powerful it has been to forge your own path throughout history. There is example after example of a well-known inventor, athlete, or musician bucking the conventional trend with the hopes of finding success their own way. This is relevant today with so many people building companies today, whether venture-backed or not, so if you are one of those people…know you are in great company.

As I mentioned, this past week’s book was Robert Greene’s Mastery. Highly recommend reading it. If you are interested in the individual highlights that I made in the physical book, you can read those here. Hope you enjoyed these notes. Let me know if you would like me to continue writing these in the future.

-Pomp

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